| Breaking bulk | A function performed by retailers or wholesalers in which they receive large quantities of merchandise and sell them in smaller quantities. |
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| Intertype competition | Competition between retailers that sell similar merchandise using different formats, such as discount and department stores. |
| Intra-type competition | Competition between the same types of retailers (e.g., Kroger versus Safeway). |
| retail mix | The combination of factors used by a retailer to satisfy customer needs and influence their purchase decisions; includes merchandise and services offered, pricing, advertising and promotions, store design and location, and visual merchandising. |
| Retail strategy | A statement that indicates (1)the target market toward which a retailer plans to commit its resources, (2) use to satisfy the needs of the target market, and (3) the bases upon which the retailer will attempt to build a sustainable competitive advantage over competitors. |
| Retailer | A business that sells products and services to consumers for their personal or family use. |
| Retailing | A set of business activities that adds value to the products and services sold to consumers for their personal or family use. |